The Story of the Day Was “Blue”

Posted by Elisa Lewis
Male Cerulean Warbler perched in a hackberry tree
Peek-a-blue! After a long journey from Central America or northwest South America, a male Cerulean Warbler, momentarily distracted, hunts for insects in a hackberry tree on Pelican Island, Texas. Canon EOS 7D/500 mm f/4L IS (+1.4x TC). Natural Light.

After birding or photo-birding, I often capsulize my experience into a theme or headline. For example, I’ll say to Chris, “The story of today was ‘Hooded Warbler Invasion'” or “Today’s special: ‘Unlucky Crawfish.'” On April 19th this year, with migration in full swing, the story was “Blue.” I was amazed by the number of Indigo Buntings on Pelican Island that day and equally frustrated at my inability to capture a decent image of just one of them. After exhausting my patience, I backed into the shade of a large oak to wait for something to happen in the hackberries, just onshore of Galveston Bay, in front of me.  I was practicing my spider inspired “sit-and-wait” technique where I dissolve into the brush and see what appears. Can you say chiggers?

Yes, well, before the slow-motion horror show in multiple miniature revealed itself, there were glimpses of warblers, hunting away and presumably oblivious to my presence. One particular warbler caught my eye. Could it be? Yes! A male Cerulean Warbler. My first ever sighting. I was committed. I wasn’t leaving until I captured the moment. I was focused. I didn’t dare reposition the lens to try for the Indigo Buntings now foraging, ironically, nearby. I knew the Cerulean was a rarity and I couldn’t help but feel joyful to see it finding food and shelter in my coastal backyard. Incidentally, Cerulean Warblers show the highest rate of decline of any U.S. warbler.

It took  hours of patiently waiting for the little guy to come back around to my side of the tree and almost a hundred frames, but I finally got something that reflects the beauty of the encounter. It was my best trade-off for a chigger infestation to date. It was also my top headline of Migration 2014. With migration behind us and the breeding season in progress, we are enjoying the avian birth announcements.

 You may get skinned knees and elbows, but it’s worth it if you score a spectacular goal. —Mia Hamm

 ©2014 Elisa D. Lewis. All rights reserved. No text or images may be duplicated or distributed without permission.

Transitioning Back into Summer Mode: Hunting Waders with a Camera

Posted by Chris Cunningham
Great Egret Nestlings at Smith Oaks Rookery, High Island, Texas
Pure Id: Great Egret Nestlings at Smith Oaks Rookery, High Island, Texas. These guys are all about lunch. Natural light. All photos Canon EOS 7D/600mm f/4L IS (+1.4x TC).

Now that spring migration, the most exciting time of the birding year, is almost over, I have to seek adventure where I can find it. This often involves chasing waders around at Brazos Bend State Park (BBSP) as they hunt. Of course, a few of the spring (and summer) spectacles are still playing out–like the frenzy of nesting, breeding, and nurturing young observable at the coastal rookeries. Photographing this profusion of life-energy will be mosquito-bloodied interludes in my late spring and summer studies of wader feeding behaviors at BBSP.

Little Blue Heron with little crawfish at Pilant Lake, Brazos Bend State Park, Texas
Little Blue Heron with Little Crawfish at Pilant Lake, BBSP, Texas. High-speed synchronized fill-flash.

Although I’ve only been out to BBSP a few times recently, one thing already seems evident: 2014 is shaping up as the Year of the Crawfish. Despite hearing lots of frog song and even seeing lots of frogs jump when alligators move around, I haven’t been seeing waders eating frogs. But crawfish are being gobbled down left and right! Why are frogs not on the menu? Have I just missed them being eaten? Will wader tastes change with the summer?

White Ibis in breeding color with crawfish at Pilant Lake, Brazos Bend State Park, Texas
White Ibis in Breeding Color with Big Juicy Crawfish at Pilant Lake, BBSP, Texas. Natural light.

This is one of the eternal joys of birding: new observations that lead to questions and more questions. Sorting out (or at least attempting to) why some types of prey proliferate some years while others are scarce is an ongoing research problem. Some years there are spiders (terrestrial or aquatic) everywhere and are eaten by hungry birds, and some years there are frogs and tadpoles everywhere and are grabbed, but sometimes rejected. But if you travel this path beware: you may find yourself reading articles about fungal infections of spiderlings or how winter water temperatures affect crawfish populations or . . . you get the idea.

Yellow-crowned Night-Heron with little crawfish at Pilant lake, Brazos Bend State Park, Texas
Yellow-crowned Night-Heron with Little Crawfish at Pilant Lake, BBSP, Texas. Natural light.

Familiar things happen, and mankind does not bother about them. It requires a very unusual mind to undertake the analysis of the obvious.—Alfred North Whitehead

 ©2014 Christopher R. Cunningham. All rights reserved. No text or images may be duplicated or distributed without permission.

Spring Shorebird Migration 2014 Wrap-up

Posted by Chris Cunningham
Immature Red Knot at Frenchtown Road, Bolivar Peninsula, Texas
Juvenile Red Knot at Frenchtown Road, Bolivar Peninsula, Texas. According to the TOS Handbook of Texas Birds, large numbers of migrating Red Knots on the Bolivar Peninsula are, like many avian spectacles, “a thing of the past.” Red Knots breed on flat, desolate coastal areas of the High Arctic. Natural light. All photos Canon EOS 7D/600mm f/4L IS (+1.4x TC).

Now that May is almost over, it’s time to reflect on spring migration 2014 and plan for fall 2014 and spring 2015. This spring I had less success with songbirds and more success with shorebirds than I did last year. This was in part a function of taking special care to include shorebird localities (some new to us) in our travel plans along the Texas Gulf Coast, and in part simple luck. The results were shorebird species new to us and familiar species in different plumage colors than we’d seen before.

Baird's Sandpiper at Lafitte's Cove, Galveston Island, Texas
Baird’s Sandpiper(?) at the north pond, Lafitte’s Cove, Galveston Island, Texas. This bird was trying to pass unnoticed among a small group of Pectoral Sandpipers. Based on the bright white underparts, black legs, dark spot between eye and bill, silvery feather edges on upperparts, buff-colored upper breast with fine streaks, and wing tips that extend past the tail, I tentatively identified this bird as a Baird’s Sandpiper. I invite comments from anyone who knows better, however. High-speed synchronized fill-flash.

Of course, more time devoted to one arena of birding means less time for others. This year that didn’t fill me with too much regret as I often found the songbird hotspots to be really overcrowded, in some cases to the point where it was impossible to work. Many times shortly after arriving at a migrant songbird trap I’d find myself seeking a remote stretch of beach.

Muddy Whimbrel, Frenchtown Road, Bolivar Peninsula, Texas
Muddy Whimbrel at Frenchtown Road, Bolivar Peninsula, Texas. This bird was fishing for crabs in the soupy sediment. Hand-held. Natural light.

Birding for shorebirds has it’s own challenges, of course. Let’s face it: identifying peeps (small sandpipers) can be tough. But I don’t mind a steep learning curve. My hope is that with after a little struggle and effort for a few years, I’ll be able to ID shorebirds easily in the future. The crowding at songbird localities is not a problem that’s going away, though.

As a partial solution (I hope) we’re looking into exploring some migrant traps further east, perhaps Grand Isle, Louisiana and Dauphin Island, Alabama. I know these are famous places, too, but it’s hard to believe that they will be as crowded as High Island or Lafitte’s Cove in mid-April, given that the metropolitan areas near them are much smaller than Houston. We’ll see.

Eastern Willet in breeding colors at Sportsman's Road, Galveston Island, Texas
Eastern Willet in Breeding Colors at Sportsman Road, Galveston Island, Texas. Note the pink base of the bill. The eastern subspecies of the Willet (Tringa semipalmata semipalmatus) winters in Central and South America and breeds along the Texas Gulf Coast. Hand-held, from vehicle. Natural light.

So it’s like starting over again, but I look forward to the challenge.—Lee Majors

©2014 Christopher R. Cunningham. All rights reserved. No text or images may be duplicated or distributed without permission.

The Songs of Spring

Posted by Chris Cunningham
Singing Prothonotary Warber at Brazos Bend State Park, Texas
Singing Male Prothonotary Warbler at Brazos Bend State Park, Texas. These warblers generally sing in shaded areas within fifty yards of the nest. Photo taken near Pilant Lake. Canon EOS 7D/600mm f/4L IS (+1.4x TC). High-speed synchronized fill-flash.

Over the past week, as migration began to wind down, we birded from High Island, down the Bolivar Peninsula, to Pelican Island, and south to Lafitte’s Cove, Galveston Island, taking pains to see a variety of habitats. I also took a solo trip to Brazos Bend State Park (BBSP), hoping to capture wader hunting scenes, as well as nesting and singing birds along the trail between Elm and 40-Acre Lakes (sometimes called Observation Tower Trail), a place I call “Warbler Alley.”

Many of the songbirds that migrate through Texas do not breed along the Gulf Coast, so we are not treated to their songs. Some birds do breed here, however, and at this time of year the forests, fields, and wetlands are filled with singing males of these species.

Perhaps the most noticeable of these singers are the Northern Cardinals, Carolina Wrens, Northern Parulas, and Prothonotary Warblers. The calls and songs of flycatchers can also be heard here and there if you listen carefully. I’ve seen the songs of the Prothonotary Warbler slighted by authors as repetitive, but I am grateful for any help I can get in locating any warbler species, especially such a beautiful one that, in the great majority of cases, sings in the shaded canopy.

Calling Scissor-tailed Flycatcher at Pelican Island, Texas
Calling Male Scissor-tailed Flycatcher at Pelican Island, Texas. These flycatchers prefer semi-open terrain with scattered trees—like on Pelican Island! Canon EOS 7D/600mm f/4L IS (+1.4x TC). High-speed synchronized fill-flash.

One of the things I especially like to keep an eye out for at this time of year is cavity nesting. Two of the loud singers common at BBSP, Prothonotary Warblers and Carolina Wrens, nest in cavities, such as abandoned woodpecker holes. Northern Parulas breed in the eastern one-third of Texas among Spanish moss and other epiphytes in forested areas near water. This makes BBSP an excellent place to search for singing and nesting Parulas.

Although Scissor-tailed Flycatchers breed throughout Texas (except for the western extremities of the state) I’ve never noticed any nesting scissor-tails at BBSP, even though there are significant grassy areas bordering forest. Perhaps I’ve just missed them. In total, I’ve seen just two Scissor-tailed Flycatchers at Brazos Bend. Both were flying along Pilant Slough. All the more reason to keep looking!

Singing Male Northern Parula at Brazos Bend State Park, Texas
Singing Male Northern Parula at Brazos Bend State Park, Texas. In Texas, Northern Parulas are closely associated with Spanish moss. Near Pilant Lake. Canon EOS 7D/500mm f/4L IS (+1.4x TC). Natural light.

The only thing better than singing is more singing.—Ella Fitzgerald

©2014 Christopher R. Cunningham. All rights reserved. No text or images may be duplicated or distributed without permission.

Emphasizing Shorebirds (for now)

Posted by Chris Cunningham
Ruddy Turnstone in breeding colors at Rollover Pass, Texas
Ruddy Turnstone in Breeding Colors at Rollover Fish Pass, Bolivar Peninsula, Texas. This bird was hunting small invertebrates among the fronds of an intertidal brown alga. Canon EOS 7D/600mm f/4L IS (+1.4x TC). High-speed synchronized fill-flash.

Three years ago it was a struggle to identify many of the migrant songbirds that filter through Texas every spring. Now, after quite a bit of study and observation, we can identify most fairly easily—although every so often . . . .

Shorebird identification, on the other hand, can still often be a challenge, especially during spring migration when nonbreeding, transitional, and breeding plumages are all around. Last week, with that in mind, we decided to focus on strand line habitat, Rollover Pass and Frenchtown Road, Bolivar Peninsula, specifically, in the hopes of increasing our shorebird knowledge as well as avoiding the mobs at the songbird hotspots!

Least Sandpiper in breeding colors, Frenchtown Road, Bolivar Peninsula, Texas
Least Sandpiper in Breeding Plumage, Frenchtown Road, Bolivar Peninsula, Texas. Canon EOS 7D/600mm f/4L IS (+1.4x TC). Natural light.
Dunlin in transitional plumage, Frenchtown Road, Bolivar Peninsula, Texas
Dunlin Transitioning into Breeding Plumage at Frenchtown Road, Bolivar Peninsula, Texas. Canon EOS 7D/600mm F/4L IS (+1.4x TC). High-speed synchronized fill-flash.

Light conditions varied wildly from fair to appalling, often frustratingly so. I admit to having felt a bit annoyed when a Whimbrel or Snowy Plover was standing right in front of me and the glare of a white-hot sky cooked all the color out of everything—and no amount of chimping and tinkering with settings could coax a good image.

Some of the highlights of Rollover Pass included Snowy, Wilson’s, Black-bellied, and Semipalmated Plovers, dark and white morphs of the Reddish Egret, Least and Black Terns, Ruddy Turnstones in breeding colors, and Sanderlings in transitional plumage. Frenchtown Road yielded Whimbrel, Wilson’s Phalaropes, a Clappper Rail, and Dunlins and Least Sandpipers in breeding plumage, among others. Hopefully we can get to these localities again on a few clear days before these birds are off to the arctic or sub-arctic in their new colors.

Whimbrel at Frenchtown Road, Bolivar Peninsula, Texas
Whimbrel on One of Those White-hot Texas Days, Frenchtown Road, Bolivar Peninsula, Texas. Sepia tones are about all you can expect under these conditions. Canon EOS 7D/600mm f/4L IS (+1.4x TC). High-speed synchronized fill-flash.

Every time we walk along a beach some ancient urge disturbs us so that we find ourselves shedding shoes and garments or scavenging among seaweed and whitened timbers like the homesick refugees of a long war.—Loren Eiseley

©2014 Christopher R. Cunningham. All rights reserved. No text or images may be duplicated or distributed without permission.